Sunday, September 15, 2013

Based on Thiruvaimozhi describe a. how swamy Nammalwar performs surrender to the lord. b. the greatness of the lord's devotees.

How Alwar describes the greatness of bhagvathas and their style of sharanagathy.

Among the Alwars the stalwarts in propagating Vaishnava tradition starting from Sri Poigai Alwar onwards to Sri Thirumangai Alwar, Sri Nammalwar takes the pride of place. He is also known as Satakopan, Vakulaa Bharana. Vakula Bhooshana, Parankusa, Kaari Sooran, Maran and Prapanna Janakootastha.
He has four works in the 4000 prabhandham. viz: 1. Thiruvirutham 2. Thiruvaasiriyam 3. Periya Thiruvantadi 4. Thiruvaimozhi also called Sahasrageethi, Bhagvad Vishayam and Dheerga sharanagathi. They contain the essence of The Vedas.
There are several Vyaakyaanam in maniparvala ( a mix of Sanskrit and Tamil) for the Thiruvaimozhi gracefully bequeathed to us by Sri Nammalwar. all these are collectively known as Bhagwad Vishayam.
The Thiruvaimozhi comprises 1102 verses. these are grouped in ten parts called satakams refered to as mudal patthu Irandam patthu etc. Each patthu has ten decads or padikams designated as mudal patthu mudal thiruvaimozhi, Irandam patthu etc. Each Padikam contains ten verses. 10 Satakams each containing 11 verses (thus 100 padikams) The pannirunama ppaattu i.e. the seventh thiruvaimozhi in the Irandam patthu has 13 verses this is known as Kesavan Tamar thus accounting for 1102 verses (100 *11 plus 2)The inexplicable wonder of the advent of Nammalwar and the faithfull Madurakavi association with him are eternal reminders of an unseen element shaping great lives and works. Yet from the human angle the Thiruvaimozhi stands out as the life story of a forsaken child, abandoned by parents in the hole of a tamarind tree, growing up alone and unattended, weeping to be heard and loved, not for charity or pity but for the exhalted principle.
The poem an andadi unfolds the drama of love but couched in those terms is an allegory on the ascent of the soul.
Nammalwar was the last of the 12 alwars and he is considered in the prabandha as the greatest for his biographical monographs and for his stupendous production The Thiruvaimozhi.  His life and achievements summed up of all those alwars.it is believed that it was foretold by saints long before his birth that visvaksena the commander of Maha Vishnu retenue would be born in this world to establish the truth that "GOD is omnipresent" Sarvam Vishnu Mayam. the divine principle that God is omnipresent would naturally lead to the eqanimity of man irrespective of cast creed or class. He was an embodiment of love and sympathy. He desired the uplift of all classes and all caste of people . He advocated that all people without any distinction of cast creed sex or language should read the scriptures and should meditate upon god.
For Nammalwar the several layers of unified consciousness namely Prakriti, Mahat, Ahankara and Manas enveloping the Atma takes on roles and becomes the dramatist personae. Manas the heart of every man is a maiden in love - the Nayika, Ahankara the rational self or the intelect becomes the Nayika's chaperoning mother, The Gunas of Mahat Sattva Rajas and Tamas appear in the role of Acharya and Sakhis and the Bairagis. even the unretorting pets the garden bees and the clouds in the sky play their parts as prakriti. the atma is the sutradhara and the Lord the supreme over soul the Nayaka.
Nammalwar loves and embraces the whole universe and all humanity. starting from the first Padikam where Nammalwar begins with how Lord Narayana alone is worthy of worship and describing the Lord as the most ideal object of enjoyment, his auspicious form and how his grace can be obtained by surrendering at his lotus feet. to quote a few passages on the gradual guiding rather he seems to cronicle his state of sharanagathy expressing very vividly the experiences he is undergoing. this gives us a photoslide of what we can expect if we follow the same path.
In one verse he says the Lord has cut off my wicked karmas and has made my loving heart his cool abode. He goes on to say that the Lord the master of the world has many good resorts to reside yet he has chosen to reside in my heart. then he says I worshiped and called for many days feverently and prayed that i be bound to his feet. and the beautiful lord noticed me, He stole into my heart and made it his. He says the Lord resides in me dispelling darkness, more than this what grace can there be. the radiant Lord who is praised by all the world came and stood in my heart. Does anything else matter now. A lifetime spent in worshipping the feet of Krishna is good. alas there can be nothing greater than singing his praise.
The Lord first appears to the alwar in his cosmic and cosmogenic manifestations (Para and Vyuha) then in the various avtaras of Vishnu and finally in the archa forms adorning the scores of temples in the land and as antaryami the indwelling spirit.
Veiled reerences to the situation highlight the transient moods of each decad, the hills(Kurinci) for love, the fertile plains (Marudal) for lovers quarrels and the sea (Neidal) for seperation. adbutha rasa dominates during the first part leading to singara rasa in the next, the dramatic dissolution of all but the nominative self towards the end leads to shantha rasa the ocean of silence into which all the other rasas flow and merge themselves. There are also allusions to the lord swallowing the universe and appearing as a reclining form in the milky ocean then lifting the earth as a boar etc.are all obvious symbolisms of the ancient people understanding the cosmology which scientist are proving in great detail. The alwar even refers to the earths roundness and the geographical distribution of the globe.
The poem seems to have been lost for a while and was rediscovered by Natahamuni in the 9th century, recognising the intensity of the spiritual appeal music and dance forms were propounded to popularise the works. The story of how the lost works were traced and the collection of the 4000 is as magical and aspiring in itself.
Once Nathamuni heard some people reciting the decad starting "Aaraavamude" at Kumbakonam, captivated by these pasurams he wanted to know more about them, the ten he had herd ended with the this ten of the thousand "Aayirathuil ippaththu". when he enquired from the people who sang the ten verses they were not able to guide him. But as the ten verses mentioned the name and the place of the alwar (Kurungoor Satakopan) Nathamuni proceeded to Thiru kurungoor and asked the people there about Nammalwar's i.e. Satagopans 1000 verses. suprisingly the people of Thirukurungoor did not know of the 1000 verses that Nathamuni wanted but told him about the 11 verses of Madurakavi alwar who was the disciple of Nammalwar (Kanniun Siruthambu) {I too hapened to discover the 4000 in a similar manner. for me the verse was Neeratam. Appam kalanda Cithundi, first heard from kumar vadyar who used to come home on fridays for thirumanjanam and i had made appam that perticular friday. so he was telling the verse loudly. we were getting late for school as it was my turn to drop the children to school in the car pool. so i rushed off and came back called him and enquired from parthasarathy (Kumar) vadyar he said it was from koil thiruvaimolzhi and told me it was available in lifco. and that i should buy vadagalai version. i went the same day and got the tamil book i could read slowly the heading as i had learnt the alphabets to write a letter to mamiyar i wrote only two letters to her. i got rangarajan mami to translate the verses to english and we all four learnt it then we went on to learn poochootal. etc. then we got the hindi version of the books 8 volumes from Shantiniketan.(14 Books have been published till date under Halwasiya Shodh Granth Mala. Mostly notable works of Shree Vaishnav Sampraday espcially the 8 volumes of Divya Prabandh in Hindi) (this is also mentioned by shatiniketan a erudite scholar who worked at the Punjab University was assigned the task of transalating the Divya prabandam to hindi. He stayed in shantiniketan for 2 years to do so. I got the first set of divyaprabandam in hindi. My joy knew no bounds when I received it. I gave the postman a big tip for having delivered the 8 volumes. I was under the impression it would cost a few thousands I was shocked that it was only a few hundreds. At last I could read it in a language I knew fluently.  The scholar was Shri.  A  Srinivasan.  I was in constant contact with his grand son till I got the books. discovering them is another interesting story which i have repeted to you all upteen number of times. oh these few lines are only for my family} They requested him to go to thiruppuliaazhvar, the place where Nammazhwar lived and recite these 11 pasurams 12000 times. Nathamuni did as advised and pleased with his penance Nammaazvar granted him not only the 1000 pasurams but all the 4000 pasurams of all the 12 alwars.
Sharanagathy pasurams are one addressed to Sri Oppiliappan (Yennappan Yenakkilyuhular) and to Sri Venkatanathan (Ahalaahillen Irayum) One cannot write enough rather what you write about these verses is not enough to describe these great pasurams of Nammazwar.  Nathamuni was initiated by Nammazwar himself into this pasuram. his grand son Alavandaar captured the essence of this pasuram in his Stotra Ratnam slokas. His great grand disciple Sri Ramanujar enshrined the spirit of this pasuram in his Saranagathy Gadyam. Swamy Vedanta Desikar and other acharyas elaborated on this pasuram to offer their tributes to our sri vaishnava sampradayam in an endearing and enduring manner.
In the first decad of thiruvaimozhi the alwar points out that Sriman Narayana is upayam, the second decad focusses on the athibhogyam of the lord, the third decad shows that the lord has divya mangala vigraham the fourth decad asserts that the Lord is the most superior means for the Moksham.
In the sixth the alwar performs sharanagathy  with the pasuram:
Ahalahillen iRayum yen ............adikeezhamarnthu puhunthEnE!
This pasuram is the 10th in the decad. through the preceding 9 pasuramsNammalzwar completed the five angas of sharanagathy and in this 10 he performed the actual Sharanagathy at the lotus feet of sarva loka Sharanayan at Thirumala.
In the fifth decad he cried (koovikkollum kaalam innam KuruhAthi) will not that time come to call me to your sacred feet, will it not come soon etc. He had a great longing for reaching the cool shade of the Lords lotus feet to escape from the scorching heat of the samsara. He had no patience for karma prapthi. he introduced himself as "therithal ninaithal yennalahat thirumalukku uriya thondar thondar thondan satakopan" that he is the servant of the servant of the servant os Sriyapathy whose glories are beyond the comprehension through either acquired knowledge, mantra, japam, or dhyaanam. he was in a great haste  or urgency with acute longing to rest at the lords cool feet. He recognised that it was not enough, just to have the longing, he had to perform an anusthanam to realize the fruit of that longing. He chose the upayam of Prapatti to the archa murthy is better upayam than prapatti to other forms such as param, vyuha, vaibhavan and antaryami. he thus performed prapatti to the archamurthy of Venkatagiri natha.
Starting from "Ulahamunda peruvaya to ahalahillen"
1. Ulagamunda peruvaayaa...................koodumaaru kooraayae!
Oh Lord standing at Thiruvaengadam with thy glowing vermilion mark on thy cosmic face, swollowing the entire universe with thy mammoth mouth during the great deluge and having supreme resplendent form. kindly let me know the method to be followed for this vassal of yours to attain thy holy feet and render service unto you as many generations in the past did.
2. kooraai neeraai nilanaagi..............arulaayae!
Oh Lord of Lords wielding on your right hand the hissing radiant sudarshana discuss which can annihilate burn and raze to the ground the hordes of cruel demons. You are standing in Thiruvengadam where fiery red lotuses blossom in its marshy ponds. To you i pray please shower thy endless mercy in showing the path for this vassal of yours to attain thy feet.
3. Vanamarul kolani...............aavaa vennaayae!
Oh cloud hued nectarine lordwith wonderful traits, oh lord of celestials beaming in thiruvengadam filled with cascades bringing in rubies gold and pearls, oh lord please take pity on me enter my heart and draw me to your feet.
4. Aavaaennaadhu........punaraayae!
Oh consort of Sri Mahalakshmi you are worshiped by sages and celestials. You are the great archer whose bow showers fiery arrows on the deamons who are a menace to humanity. Please teach this sinner how to attain your lotus feet.
5. Punaraanivra maramaazh..........adiyaen ennaalae.
You are the great archer whose single arrow sped through seven sal trees standing in a cluster and you are the great primate who crawled between twomarutha trees removing the curse of the gandharvas and who is now residing in thiruvengadam where elephants gather to look like dense clouds. oh the wielder of great bow saranga when will i reach your feet.
6. Ennaalae ? naam...........adiyaenmaevervadhae!
Oh Lord enshrined in Thiruvengadam where groups of celestials wait and perform kainkaryam to thy lotus feet that measured the universe and meditate on you by thought word and deed. when shall this servant of yours attain thy feet.
7. Adiyaen maevi........nadaa dhaartraenae!
Oh Lord of ever free angels residing at thirumala. You are nectar enjoyable to me mentally, which i want to enjoy physically. You who have garuda as your insignia on your flag is the medicine for all ills and i cannot stay even for a moment without percieving your fruit like lips and lotus like feet. even though i have not performed any ritual to deserve this blessing of eternal perception of your lotus feet.
8. Nolaadhatraen........polae vaaraayae!
The Intelligent Shiva and the knowledgeable Brahma and Indra with their consorts worship you and eagerly serve you. Oh my master dwelling in Thiruvengadam even though i have not done any thing to deserve thy grace, i pine for thy appearance. Do appear before me, this dependent on you as you appeared to devaki and vasudeva in the form of blue hued Krishna.
9. Vandhaai polae......akaladrillaen iraiyuvrae.
To the non devotees who may not desire you, yet out of mercy you show your grace, and of course to the devotees who worship you show up and bestow thy grace when they are in despair and frustration. Oh Lord of Thiruvengadam where the lustre of the gems converts night into day, where you are abiding with eyes like red lotus, with mouth like ripe red fruit, and with four shoulders and bewitching form you are my very life and dear to me, thy humble servant of yours cannot be away even for a moment.
10. Agalagillaen iraiyumenru. alarmel manga urai maarbhaa
Nigaril pukazhaai ulagam moondrudayaai ennai aalvaanae
Nigaril amarar munikkangal virumbium thiruvengadathanae
pugalonrillaa adiyaen unnadikkeel amandhu pugundhaenae.
Oh lord on your broad chest inhers the divine mother born out of lotus enjoying the endless oneness with yousamslaesha. unable to tolerate a moment of seperation from you. You are the lord of incomparable glory, protector of the three worlds and sought by even sages and celestials with extra ordinary power. You are the lord of Thiruvengadam and i take refuge at your feet as your serviator and i have no other support to hold on.
11. Adikkeezhamarndhu pukundhu adiyeer..........periyavaanul nilaaurvarae.
those who recite or listen to the chanting of these ten stanzas about the lotus feet of the lord of thiruvenkadam forming part of the thousand sung by shri satakopan of kurugoor will attain the eternal transcendental abode and remain there cutting out all worldly ties. nammalwar is like a thousand rayed aadithyan through his thiruvaimozhi padal.





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