Vidura was known as Neetijnya in english one who has knowledge of Neeti. Neeti word Derives from the word Naitikta in sanskrit, which in english is similar to Morality(proof). Since he was the wise consultant of Dhritrashtra and was the Wisest of Kuru Dynasty he was considered wisest consultant despite being born as Shudra.
The Dialogue between Vidura and Dhritrashtra is compiled to form the Vidura Niti. The Niti shastra of Vidura is considered even today as the best work of Niti/Morality knowledge,it is sort of ancient Moral Science Manual.
But Considering Yudhishthira he was Dharmajna one with knowledge of Dharma. He was staunch follower of Dharma,and attained Swarga for his pious deeds. So this means Dharma is above Niti. Since he followed Dharma more than neeti.
As the name itself describes, the word Bharata is derived from “Bha” dhatu in Sanskrit which means “Light”. Bharata means “the Land which Spreads the Light of Knowledge”. Bharata is abundant when it comes to knowledge and great teachers, be it ancient, medieval or modern times. Many great teachers have graced this miraculous land and left their thoughts, influence of wisdom and fame in the pages of history of Bharata. So is their greatness that even today Bharatiyas haven’t forgotten them. Here are few gracious examples who have created their own space in the hearts of every Bharatiyas.
Vishnugupta (Chanakya or Kautilya) from Takshashila was a great Teacher, Philosopher, Economist, Jurist, and Prime Minister (Mahamatya) to two Maharajas of Maurya Empire, Chandragupta and his son Bindusara. He is the guiding star of Chandragupta in establishing Maurya Empire. He was once humiliated by Mahapadma Nanda then Maharaja of Nanda Empire due to which Chanakya outraged and owed to avenge this hideous act and liberate the citizens of Nanda Empire from their cruel rule.
Chanakya spotted Chandragupta an adopted son of a cowherd who was working as supervisor at Nanda’s horse stable while playing the game of royalty in a nearby village, and was impressed with his passing of legal judgements to his friends about imaginary disputes. He educated Chandragupta in all aspects of Shaastra (literature) and Shastra (weaponry). Chandragupta went on to become Chandragupta Maurya, the founder of Maurya Empire, thus fulfilling the dream of his guru by liberating the citizens of Nanda Empire from the evil clutches of Nava Nandas.
Also, Chanakya is renowned as the great Political Science (Rajaneethi) master and Economist (Arthashastragna), acclaimed as the author of Arthashastra – the discourse on statecraft, economic policy and military strategy. He is also popular by another name Kautilya, he may be called so describing his Kutila Neethi (Crafty Policy) towards opponent or enemy king and kingdom in securing his own king, kingdom and citizens.
Another lesser known but a legend guru, Swami Samartha Ramadas, the renowned guru of Chhatrapati Shivaji (Shivaji Bhosale I) the great Maratha warrior who found Maratha Empire. Swamiji’s and Shivaji’s relationship is adorable and unique. It was Swami Ramadas who made Shivaji invincible through his wisdom and guidance. When Shivaji was born, Swamiji had predicted by looking at his horoscope that either he would go on to become a magnificent personality and ruler of a great kingdom or a great saint as he was born to serve the motherland either the ways.
Swami Ramadas knew there was a life threat for Shivaji during his childhood, once thus happened, Shivaji was about to start eating his meal by then Swamiji appeared and hurriedly asked Shivaji not to eat. Shivaji stopped then and there heading to his guru’s words, and after testing the food it was revealed that poison was mixed in the food that Shivaji was about to consume.
Swamiji had told Shivaji that whenever there was any confusion or need of him, Shivaji would have to just remember him and he would appear in front of Shivaji and guide him as required. Shivaji was a great enthusiast and practitioner of Vairagya, detachment or renunciation from materialistic world, once decided to give his entire kingdom to Swamiji as Daana and enter the eternal world of Aadhyatma by the means of accepting Sannyasa. Shivaji be thinking on these aspects remembered Swamiji, Swamiji appeared and asked Shivaji, “What’s the matter?” Without speaking a word Shivaji wrote a Daana Patra in the name of Swamiji and dropped it in his Jolige (Jhula), kneeled in front of Swamiji and told that “I’m fed up with this Laukika Prapancha (materialistic world) and would like to attain salvation through Aadhyatma by accepting Sannyasa, so I have registered the entire kingdom in your name. Please grant me Sannyasa and show me the path to salvation.” Hearing this Swamiji laughed and told Shivaji that he is Kshatriya and his duty is to safeguard the motherland and its people, and asked him not to divert from his mission of life. Swamiji continuedly told Shivaji to run the kingdom as his representative and Shishya (disciple) and perform his duty. Thus, was the Guru-Shishya relationship.
There is a saying in Sanskrit, “Yatha Guru Thatha Shishya” which means “as the Teacher so as the Pupil”. Here in this case, Guru showed that he is not at all inclined towards materialistic happiness and duty comes first, so as the Shishya followed his gurus order
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