Sandhya Bhasha: The Language of Mysticism and Symbolism
Sandhya Bhasha, meaning "twilight language" in Sanskrit, is a veiled and symbolic form of expression often used in spiritual and esoteric literature. It is prevalent in the texts of various mystical traditions, especially in Tantra, Yoga, and other schools of Indian philosophy. This cryptic language, replete with metaphors and allegories, serves a dual purpose: to conceal profound truths from the uninitiated and to guide the seeker toward self-realization and deeper understanding.
The grammar of the vedas is called Nirukta. The grammar of Sandhya Bhasha is completely based on sounds and is diminishing as the musicians of classical music can make notes from sounds and their pitches, so also the notes can be made from the sounds used in Sandhya Bhasha. It is called the language of the devas.
The term Sandhya signifies the "twilight" or "intermediate state," symbolizing the threshold between the mundane and the divine. Bhasha translates to "language" or "speech." Together, Sandhya Bhasha implies a language that operates in the liminal space—where the literal merges with the symbolic. This form of language is not meant for direct interpretation but requires a teacher or guru to decode its deeper meanings.
The purpose of Sandhya Bhasha is manifold:
1. Concealment of Esoteric Knowledge: Profound spiritual truths are often misused when they fall into the wrong hands. By encoding teachings, sages ensured that only those with the requisite spiritual maturity could decipher them.
2. Encouraging Introspection: The cryptic nature forces seekers to delve deeper into the teachings, promoting contemplation and personal growth.
3. Aesthetic Enrichment: The use of metaphor and allegory enhances the poetic and literary value of the texts.
Excerpts and Interpretations
Example from the Charyapadas
The Charyapadas (8th–12th century CE) are one of the earliest known collections written in Sandhya Bhasha, composed by tantric Buddhist siddhas. An excerpt reads:
"Gaganamaṇḍala mājhe—kaha kālarāṭa
Dūra diṭṭhe kāhe—duraṭa kathāṭa."
Translation (surface level):
"In the sky’s circle, there is a black night;
Why speak from afar of distant stories?"
Interpretation:
The "sky's circle" represents the infinite consciousness, while the "black night" signifies the veil of ignorance. The verse advises seekers to focus on their inner journey rather than being distracted by external narratives.
In tantric practices, Sandhya Bhasha is used extensively. For instance, the Kularnava Tantra mentions:
"Bindu becomes Nada, Nada becomes Shakti,
From Shakti arises the world."
Here, Bindu (point) represents the seed of creation, Nada (sound) symbolizes vibration, and Shakti (energy) is the dynamic force behind manifestation. These terms, though symbolic, encode profound metaphysical principles about the origin of the universe.
Characteristics of Sandhya Bhasha
1. Metaphoric and Allegorical: Terms like "lotus," "serpent," "mountain," and "ocean" often signify chakras, Kundalini energy, the spine, and the mind, respectively.
2. Non-Literal: The literal meanings are intentionally misleading to prevent superficial understanding.
3. Multi-Layered: Each verse or phrase can have multiple interpretations depending on the spiritual level of the seeker.
4. Cultural and Contextual Dependence: Understanding Sandhya Bhasha requires familiarity with the cultural and philosophical context of the text.
Challenges in Decoding Sandhya Bhasha
Without the guidance of a guru or an adept, interpreting Sandhya Bhasha can be misleading. Many seekers mistake the symbols for their literal meanings, leading to confusion. For instance, in yoga texts, the term "yoni" might refer to divine energy or the source of creation, but without proper context, it could be misinterpreted.
Legacy of Sandhya Bhasha
Even today, Sandhya Bhasha influences spiritual literature and practices. Its presence is evident in modern interpretations of ancient texts like the Upanishads, Tantras, and Bhakti poetry. For instance, Kabir's verses often employ cryptic metaphors that resonate with the essence of Sandhya Bhasha:
"Moko kahan dhundhe re bande,
Main to tere paas mein."
Translation:
"Why do you search for me, O seeker?
I am within you."
This verse encapsulates the principle of non-duality, urging seekers to turn inward for realization.
Sandhya Bhasha serves as a bridge between the mystical and the mundane, offering seekers a pathway to higher truths. While its cryptic nature may initially seem like a barrier, it is, in fact, an invitation to explore the depths of one’s consciousness. By engaging with Sandhya Bhasha under the guidance of a guru and through self-reflection, one can uncover profound insights hidden within its folds. It reminds us that the journey toward wisdom is as important as the destination itself.