Uttama purusha.

 This verse appears in the Bhagavad Gita, Chapter 15, Verse 17. Here's the translation and meaning:

"The Supreme Person (Purusha), however, is different. He is called the Supreme Soul (Paramatma) and is the imperishable Lord (Ishvara). He enters the three worlds and sustains them."

- Uttamah Purusha: The Supreme Person, who is beyond both the perishable (material) and the imperishable (spiritual) entities.

- TV Anyah Paramatmeti Udahrtah: This Supreme Person is known as the Supreme Soul (Paramatma).

- Yo Loka Trayam Avisya: He enters into the three worlds (the physical, the subtle, and the causal realms).

- Bibharty Avyaya Isvaraha: He sustains and governs them as the imperishable Lord (Ishvara).

In essence, this verse highlights the presence of a Supreme Being who transcends both the material and spiritual dimensions, pervading and sustaining the entire universe.

Budha bhava samanvita.

Chapter 10, Verse 8. The original verse in Sanskrit is:

अहं सर्वस्य प्रभवो मत्तः सर्वं प्रवर्तते।

इति मत्वा भजन्ते मां 

ahaṁ sarvasya prabhavo

"I am the source of all creation; everything emanates from Me. Understanding this, the wise, endowed with devotional love, worship Me with all their hearts."

In this verse, Krishna declares that He is the ultimate source of all existence and the cause of all things in the universe. Knowing this truth, wise individuals (the enlightened ones) worship Him with full devotion and reverence.

Sukham uttamam.

 This verse is from the Bhagavad Gita, Chapter 6, Verse 27.

"Prasanta manasam hy enam yoginam sukham uttamam

Upaiti santa rajasam brahma bhutam akalmasam"

"The yogi whose mind is peaceful, whose passions are subdued, and who is free from sin, attains supreme happiness, and comes to be united with Brahman (the Absolute)."

This verse emphasizes the benefits of practicing yoga and attaining a peaceful state of mind. 

- Prasanta manasam:A tranquil mind.

- Yoginam:The yogi, or practitioner of yoga.

- Sukham uttamam: Supreme happiness or bliss.

- Upaiti:Attains or reaches.

- Santa rajasam: One who has subdued the passions (rajas).

- Brahma bhutam: Having become one with Brahman, the ultimate reality or the Absolute.

-Akalmasam: Free from sin or impurities.

In essence, a yogi who has mastered their mind, subdued their desires and passions, and purified themselves from sins achieves ultimate bliss and becomes one with the supreme reality, Brahman.

Prathamo D

 Chapter 3, Verse 35 of the Bhagavad Gita states:

One of my favourite verses. 

श्रेयान् स्वधर्मो विगुणः परधर्मात्स्वनुष्ठितात्।

स्वधर्मे निधनं श्रेयः परधर्मो भयावहः॥

śhreyān swa-dharmo viguṇaḥ para-dharmāt sv-anuṣhṭhitāt

swa-dharme nidhanaṁ śhreyaḥ para-dharmo bhayāvahaḥ

It is better to perform one's own duty, though imperfectly, than to perform another's duty perfectly. Performing one's own duties, though with flaws, is preferable; for following another's path is fraught with danger.

Meaning

This verse emphasizes the importance of adhering to one's own dharma, or duty, which is determined by one's nature, abilities, and role in society. Even if one performs their own duty imperfectly, it is considered more virtuous and safer than performing someone else's duty perfectly. The idea is that following one's own path aligns with one's true nature and contributes to personal and spiritual growth, whereas following another's path can lead to confusion, lack of fulfillment, and potential peril.

Matam.

 This verse is from the Bhagavad Gita, specifically Chapter 3, Verse 31. Here is a breakdown of the verse and its meaning:

ye me matam idam nityam anutisthanti manavah

sraddhavanto nasuyanto mucyante te 'pi karmabhih

Ye me matam idam nityam anutisthanti manavah

śraddhāvanto 'nasūyanto mucyante te 'pi karmabhih

Those who, having faith and without envy, constantly follow this teaching of mine, are freed from the bondage of actions.

-ye me matam idam: those who follow this opinion/teaching of mine

- nityam anutisthanti manavah: consistently and diligently follow

- śraddhāvanto: with faith

- anasūyanto: without envy or malice

- mucyante te 'pi karmabhih: they too are freed from the bondage of actions

In this verse, Lord Krishna explains that those who faithfully and without envy follow his teachings and the prescribed duties are liberated from the bondage of actions. This means they are not affected by the consequences of their actions and attain spiritual freedom. The emphasis is on having faith and a sincere attitude without any jealousy or resentment.

Gudakesha.

Chapter 10, Verse 20 of the Bhagavad Gita:

अहमात्मा गुडाकेश सर्वभूताशयस्थितः |

अहमादिश्च मध्यं च भूतानामन्त एव च ||

aham ātmā guḍākeśa sarva-bhūtāśaya-sthitaḥ

aham ādiś ca madhyaṁ ca bhūtānām anta eva ca

"I am the Self, O Gudakesha (Arjuna), seated in the hearts of all creatures. I am the beginning, the middle, and the end of all beings."

1. Aham ātmā: I am the Self or the Soul.

2. Guḍākeśa: A name for Arjuna, meaning one who has conquered sleep.

3. Sarva-bhūtāśaya-sthitaḥ: Situated in the hearts of all creatures.

4. Aham ādiś ca madhyaṁ ca I am the beginning and the middle.

5. Bhūtānām anta eva ca: And indeed the end of all beings.

In this verse, Lord Krishna asserts His presence as the inner Self of all living beings, emphasizing His role as the eternal and omnipresent reality that pervades the entire cosmos. By declaring Himself as the beginning, middle, and end of all entities, He signifies that all aspects of existence are encompassed within His divine essence. This verse underscores the idea of God's immanence and transcendence in the universe.

"Gudakesa" is one of the many names of Arjuna, a key character in the Indian epic, the Mahabharata. This name translates to "one with thick or beautiful hair" or "conqueror of sleep." Arjuna earned this name due to his ability to stay awake and vigilant for extended periods. This quality signifies his dedication, discipline, and focus, attributes that are crucial for a warrior.

Ajnana.

 Bhagavad Gita, Chapter 10, Verse 11:

तेषामेवानुकम्पार्थमहमज्ञानजं तमः |

नाशयाम्यात्मभावस्थो ज्ञानदीपेन भास्वता ||

teṣām evānukampārtham aham ajñāna-jaṁ tamaḥ

nāśayāmy ātma-bhāva-stho jñāna-dīpena bhāsvatā

"Out of compassion for them, I, dwelling in their hearts, destroy the darkness born of ignorance with the shining lamp of knowledge."

1. Teṣām evānukampārtham: For them (my devotees), out of compassion.

2. Aham ajñāna-jaṁ tamaḥ nāśayāmi: I destroy the darkness born of ignorance.

3. Ātma-bhāva-stho: Dwelling in their hearts.

4. Jñāna-dīpena bhāsvatā: With the shining lamp of knowledge.

In this verse, Lord Krishna explains that out of compassion for his devotees, he resides in their hearts and dispels the darkness of ignorance with the bright light of knowledge. This symbolizes the divine intervention that leads to spiritual enlightenment and the removal of ignorance, allowing the devotee to perceive the ultimate truth.