sama veda

Two primary Upanishads of Hinduism are embedded inside the Samaveda – the Chandogya Upanishad and the Kena Upanishad. Both are notable for the lifting metric melodic structure.

Yajna was taken by the vedic scholiasts to mean operation.
this Yajna or operation was carried out always to make improvement upon the earlier situation and so considered as the noblest act.
yajno vai sresthamam karma.
1st operation was standardization of language.
2nd operation was yajna chandas that is composition of hymns by means of standardized language. The literary couplets composed during second operation became the first ever dharma.
yajnen yajnamayajanta devastani
dharmani prathamanyasan
te ha nakam mahimanah sacanta
yatra purve sadhyah santi devah.
 the first ever dharmas i.e. literary compositions in the literary history of mankind.
Yaska an ancient Indian Vedic scholar alludes the origin of the Vedas as 
saksatkrtdharmanah rsyoh babhuva Nir 
There were rsis to whom was revealed dharma.
As a result of the second operation a great many couplets were composed by enlightened rsis on various aspects of scientific truths unravelled by them with regard to consciousness and physical matter.

out of the 1875 mantras of Sama veda 1800 are borrowed from Rig veda. 264 form the first part Purvarchika are repeated syllable to syllable and word to word in the second part Uttararcika. three mantras are repeated twice in the second part.
The various deities are the subject matter of the hymns addressed by the various seers. there are 45 deities in all. 
The deities are the specialised fields of study of various seers. One and the same deity is specialised by more than one seer. one visulized as visvaveda jataveda kavi purohita grahapati hotai.e. consumer of ahutis offered to yajna. pota pracheta. 
1875 rcas composed by 184 seers were set to tune of music by 285 seers coming from different families.

sm

• Do one thing at a time.
• Notice how things look, smell, taste and feel, as well as what's happening, in order to remember something in multiple ways.
• Replay memories in your mind to reinforce them.
• Get enough sleep.
• Learn stress management techniques.
• Reduce mental clutter by using calendars, lists, and gadgets such as personal digital assistants 
• Try using memory tricks 

most of the time they're just a result of the brain's normal aging process. Unless they're interfering with your ability to manage day-to-day activities, a few lifestyle changes should help you turn your senior moments into just occasional annoyances.

eg.

A True Senior Moment

An elderly couple had dinner at another couple's house, and after eating, the wives left the table and went into the kitchen.

The two elderly gentlemen were talking, and one said, 'Last night we went out to a new restaurant, and it was really great. I'd recommend it very highly.'

The other man said, 'What's the name of the restaurant?'

The first man thought and thought and finally said, 'What's the name of that flower you give to someone you love? You know … the one that's red and has thorns.'

'Do you mean a rose?'

'Yes,' the man said, then he turned toward the kitchen and yelled, 'Rose, what's the name of that restaurant we went to last night?'

same to same.

kadai ninRu amarar kazhal thozhudhu nALum
idai ninRa inbaththarAvar pudai ninRa
nIrOdha mEni nedumAlE nin adiyai
yArOdha vallAr avar

(samsAris (dwellers of materialistic realm))
amarar kadai ninRu – standing at the doorstep of other deities
nALum – at all times
kazhal thozhudhu – falling at (their) feet

(without realising salvation)
idai ninRa inbaththar Avar – they will realise the pleasures lying in-between (such as heaven etc)
pudai ninRa nIr Odham mEni nedumAlE – Oh the supreme being who is having the form of ocean which is surrounding this world!
nin adiyai – your divine feet
Odha vallAr avar yAr – is there anyone who can think of? (there is no one)

vyAkyAnam

kadai ninRu – standing at the door step of various deities at the places of their dwelling. kadai  – door step.

amarar – these deities are called as amarar (immortals) as they live for a few years longer [than we]. vEdham says “na brahmA nESAna:…” (not brahmA, not ISan [the deity for creation and destruction as ordained by emperumAn] have seen SrIvaikuNtam). Not realising that these deities also get destroyed one day, the samsAri [dweller of materialistic realm] thinks that they are immortals.

amarar kazhal thozhudhu – the samsAri keeps falling at the feet of such deities, one after another. These deities, unlike emperumAn, are not capable of granting all wishes of a samsAri. Hence the samsAri keeps falling at the feet of each of these deities to get each wish granted.

nALum thozhudhu – these deities keep asking for various things to satisfy themselves such as infant or goat or rooster etc and are difficult to worship. Thus, until they grant him his wish, the samsAri has to keep holding on to their feet, for a long time. These deities are unlike emperumAn who had mercifully said in SrI bhagavath gIthA 9-26 “pathram pushpam palam thOyam…” (worship me with a leaf, or a flower or a fruit or water). Even after worshipping them in such a hard way, what can these deities grant?

idai ninRa inbaththar Avar – they [those who worship these deities] will get to experience comfort in swargam (heaven) which is neither here nor there, and is more of a hurdle. They do not enjoy you as in paramapadham (SrIvaikuNtam) like mukthars and nithyars. They do not stay here (on earth) like us, worshipping you and expecting to reach SrIvaikuNtam soon. Since it [heaven] is a place full of egotists and they stay for a long time, as said in mudhal thiruvandhAdhi 56 “kadikkamalaththil uLLirundhum kANgilAn kaNNan adikkamalam thannai ayan” (even though brahmA is residing in the fragrant lotus flower which grows out of emperumAn’s navel, he does not get to worship the divine feet of emperumAn) they do not worship you to get uplifted and merely enjoy the mediocre comforts such as swargam etc. How ignorant is this!

But why do they carry out such a foolish act? It is because they do not know your greatness, says the AzhwAr…

pudai ninRa nIrOdha mEni – AzhwAr mercifully describes about the divine form of emperumAn which removes the ennui of those who have dharSan (audience) of his divine form. His divine form has the complexion of the ocean which surrounds the earth. Is it only the divine form?

nedumAlE – Oh one who has immeasurable greatness of AthmasvarUpam (nature of emperumAn’s soul)!

nin adiyai OdhavallAr avar yAr – Is there anyone here who, knowing that you are greater than everyone else, attains your divine feet as the ultimate benefit through worship etc? There are many in this world who attain other deities for lowly benefits. The opinion here is that even among those who worship emperumAn, there are very few who consider him as both the means and the benefit. Hasn’t emperumAn himself said in bhagavath gIthA 7-19 “vAsudhEvas sarvam ithi sa mahAthmA sudhurlabha:” (those great souls who consider emperumAn as everything are very rare)!

There is another interpretation to this pAsuram.

amarar – other deities such as brahmA, rudhra et al

kadai ninRu – holding on to the door of your temple

kazhal thozhudhu – worshipping your divine feet

nALum idai ninRa inbaththar Avar – instead of enjoying you as the ultimate goal, they will seek positions such as brahmA, rudhra, indhra etc, similar to asking for loin cloth from a wish fulfilling tree such as kaRpakam (a celestial tree). AzhwAr feels sad about the ignorance of such people. Hasn’t nammAzhwAr too divinely mentioned in his thiruviruththam 92 “ninnai viNNOr thAL nilam thOyndhu thozhuvar nin mUrththi pal kURRil onRum kANalum aNgol enRE vaigal mAlaiyum kAlaiyumE” (the celestial entities will worship you everyday both in the morning and in the evening, with their feet firmly rooted to the ground [so that you would get rid of their enemies and] not because they wish to see one of your varied forms)! nammAzhwAr conveyed the same meaning in bhUdhaththAzhwAr’s verse “nin adiyai yAr Odha vallAr” in his verse “nin mUrththi pal kURRil onRum kANalum Angol enRE”

kAd ni[fbmrrf kzlfetaZT naQmf

;Adni[fbvi[fptftravrf- p<Adni[fb

nIEratEm[i enDmaEl ni[f[FAy

yaEratvlflarvrf. 55

Many stand daily at the thresholds and fall at the

feet of various deities to obtain short lasting

happiness as with reaching higher worlds.

O' Lord, with the colour of the oceans which

surround this Earth, is there any one to fall at your

feet and sing your glories?

This verse is exactly used word for word also by Sri Budattazhwar

in his Irandaam Thiruvandhadhi. verse no 11.
In Tirumalisai Alwar Thiruvandhadhi verse no 55.

p<Adni[fb nIrf Otmf Em[i

enDmaElThe lord with the hue of the oceans which surround the earth. 

https://www.facebook.com/watchparty/840985489662323/

william blake.

mango leaf and cow dung.

Mango, the quintessential summer fruit, is perfect for desserts. But who would have imagined that a sweet, juicy and delicious fruit like mango can also be a healthy superfood? Well, it’s true. It is rich in Vitamin A, Vitamin C and minerals like copper, potassium and magnesium. Not only this, mango leaves which you may often discard can actually work as a great herbal medicine. Mango leaves are full of healing and medicinal properties. Benefits of mango leaves are so varied and extensive that they are given immense importance in eastern medicine too. They are reddish or purplish when tender and new, and grow into a dark green color and have a pale underside.
These leaves are fleshy and shiny with a sharp tip containing vitamins C, B and A. They are also rich in various other nutrients. These leaves have powerful antioxidant properties as they have a high content of flavonoids and phenols. They can be boiled in water to make a decoction or can be consumed in powdered form. In South East Asia, the tender leaves of the mango tree are cooked and eaten. Also for medicinal purposes young leaves should be used. But one has to be careful.
The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of mango leave can help treat various ailments effectively.
1. Regulates Diabetes

Mango leaves are very useful for managing diabetes. The tender leaves of the mango tree contain tannins called anthocyanidins that may help in treating early diabetes. The leaves are dried and powdered, or used as an infusion to treat the same. It also helps to treat diabetic angiopathy and diabetic retinopathy. Soak the leaves in a cup of water overnight. Strain and drink this water to help relieve the symptoms of diabetes. It also helps in treating hyperglycemia.
2. Lowers blood pressure

Mango leaves help lower the blood pressure as they have hypotensive properties. They help in strengthening the blood vessels and treating the problem of varicose veins.
3. Fights restlessness

For people suffering from restlessness due to anxiety, the mango leaves can be a good home remedy. Add few mango leaves to your bath water. This helps in relaxing and refreshing your body.
4. Treats gall and kidney stones

Mango leaves help treat kidney stones and gall bladder stones. The daily intake of a finely ground powder of mango leaves with water kept in a tumbler overnight, helps in breaking the stones and flushing them out.

5. Cures respiratory problems

Mango leaves are good for all kinds of respiratory problems. It is especially useful for people suffering from cold, bronchitis and asthma. Drinking a decoction made by boiling mango leaves in water with a little honey helps to cure cough effectively. It also helps in curing voice loss.

6. Treats dysentery

Mango leaves help in treating bleeding dysentery. Mango leaves dried in a shade should be powdered and then taken with water two to three times a day to stop dysentery.

7.  Remedy for ear aches

Ear ache can be quite painful and frustrating. Using mangoes leaves as home remedy provides good relief. A teaspoon of juice extracted from mango leaves works as an effective ear drop and pain killer. Heat the juice slightly before using it.

8. Heals burns

The simplest remedy for healing painful burns is to apply mango leaf ashes to the wounded area. This soothes the skin and brings relief.

9. Stops hiccups

If you’re troubled with frequent hiccups or other throat problems, mango leaves can be a great home remedy. Burn a few mango leaves and inhale the smoke. This helps to cure hiccups and throat problems.

10. Good for your gut

Put some mango leaves in warm water, close the container with a lid, and leave it overnight. The next morning filter the water and drink this concoction on an empty stomach. The regular intake of this infusion acts as a good stomach tonic, flushes out toxins from your body and keeps your stomach clean.

cow dung as a bioresource for sustainable development

Cow dung, an excreta of bovine animal, is a cheap and easily available bioresource on our planet. Many traditional uses of cow dung such as burning as fuel, mosquito repellent and as cleansing agent are already known in India. Cow dung harbours a diverse group of microorganisms that may be beneficial to humans due to their ability to produce a range of metabolites. Along with the production of novel chemicals, many cow dung microorganisms have shown natural ability to increase soil fertility through phosphate solubilisation. Nowadays, there is an increasing research interest in developing the applications of cow dung microorganisms for biofuel production and management of environmental pollutants. This review focuses on recent findings being made on cow dung that could be harnessed for usage in different areas such as medicine, agriculture and industry.

Cow dung can be defined as the undigested residue of consumed food material being excreted by herbivorous bovine animal species. Being a mixture of faeces and urine in the ratio of 3:1, it mainly consists of lignin, cellulose and hemicelluloses. It also contains 24 different minerals like nitrogen, potassium, along with trace amount of sulphur, iron, magnesium, copper, cobalt and manganese. The indigenous Indian cow also contain higher amount of calcium, phosphorus, zinc and copper. Waste is generally meant for discarding because it may act as a source of pollution  However, if it is used in some other process such as feedstock it may be considered as co-product . People in Indian villages use cow dung for cooking purpose by direct burning. It is also used in plastering of walls and floor in rural houses for providing insulation during winter and summer. Application of smoke generated from the burnt cow dung as mosquito repellent and subsequent ash as cleaning agent for kitchen utensils is an age old practice. Accordingly, different usage of cow dung by village peoples reflect the native knowledge associated with it. It also depict that cow plays an important role in village economy and has high socio-economic value 

Cow dung in India is also used as a co-product in agriculture, such as manure, biofertiliser, biopesticides, pestrepellent and as a source of energy. As per ayurveda, it can also act as a purifier for all the wastes in the nature Therefore in India, Cow  is not only just milk-producing animal but also truly considered as Gomata (mother of all) and Kamdhenu Detailed study of cow dung is gaining interest around the world and few attempts have been made for utilising its potential in the field of energy production, pharmaceutical products. The review intends to highlight the possible applications of cow dung particularly in the area ranging from energy, agriculture and environment to medicine for human welfare.

poor Richard's almanac

kamvv

kAntamAm kadir. rAgA: dEshyatODi/Sindhubhairavi. Adi tALA.

P: kAntamAm kadir kaMam tanil Or vEdAntamAm
A1: shAntamAghi manam kuvindu EkAnta mOna nilai aLittiDum
2: shruti layamuDan tudi sheyyum vargati duritamAi gatiyaLittiDum
3: bhAva rAga tALam viriyAlE vazhi kATTum antara
jIvanAda vEdapuriyilE onru kUTTum sundarak-
C1: nAvinil ruciyE navinriDat-tIrudu pashiyE adu pErinba ruciyE pArkkak-kiDaittOr tapasiyE
AndavanaDi shEra shEra anbu perugudu Era Era kadir kAmam enru kUrak-kavalaigaLaDiyODu dhIra
sheyyumAm karuNai mArip-peyyumAm kaLittiDa gati uyyumAm kaNDAlidu nal vaghaiyum tiru muruga rUpak-
2: manam maDangAdu mannavanai ninaittiDum pOdu dinam avanaiyallAdu gati vErenakkEdu vElavan pugazh
pADap-pADa vEgamAi manam nADa nADa shIlanai uTkoNDADa Ada shEvaDigaLai tEdat-tEDat-tONumAi
divya jyOti kANumAm teLindAl anbu pUNumAm darishikka bhAgyam vENumAm vaDivElavanenra
3: santamum ariyEn pugazhap-perum tamizh ariyEn nAn bhaktiyil shiriyEn bAla kandanukk-kaDiyEn
kadir kAma vazhi mella mella kaDugi naDandu shella shella edirp-pulangaLai vella vella eDutturappadE nalla nalla
nEramAm nigharaTra guNa sAramAm viritturaikka abhAramAm vishvam tanakku pakAramAmvaramaruLum divya