Budha bhava samanvita.

Chapter 10, Verse 8. The original verse in Sanskrit is:

अहं सर्वस्य प्रभवो मत्तः सर्वं प्रवर्तते।

इति मत्वा भजन्ते मां 

ahaṁ sarvasya prabhavo

"I am the source of all creation; everything emanates from Me. Understanding this, the wise, endowed with devotional love, worship Me with all their hearts."

In this verse, Krishna declares that He is the ultimate source of all existence and the cause of all things in the universe. Knowing this truth, wise individuals (the enlightened ones) worship Him with full devotion and reverence.

Sukham uttamam.

 This verse is from the Bhagavad Gita, Chapter 6, Verse 27.

"Prasanta manasam hy enam yoginam sukham uttamam

Upaiti santa rajasam brahma bhutam akalmasam"

"The yogi whose mind is peaceful, whose passions are subdued, and who is free from sin, attains supreme happiness, and comes to be united with Brahman (the Absolute)."

This verse emphasizes the benefits of practicing yoga and attaining a peaceful state of mind. 

- Prasanta manasam:A tranquil mind.

- Yoginam:The yogi, or practitioner of yoga.

- Sukham uttamam: Supreme happiness or bliss.

- Upaiti:Attains or reaches.

- Santa rajasam: One who has subdued the passions (rajas).

- Brahma bhutam: Having become one with Brahman, the ultimate reality or the Absolute.

-Akalmasam: Free from sin or impurities.

In essence, a yogi who has mastered their mind, subdued their desires and passions, and purified themselves from sins achieves ultimate bliss and becomes one with the supreme reality, Brahman.

Prathamo D

 Chapter 3, Verse 35 of the Bhagavad Gita states:

One of my favourite verses. 

श्रेयान् स्वधर्मो विगुणः परधर्मात्स्वनुष्ठितात्।

स्वधर्मे निधनं श्रेयः परधर्मो भयावहः॥

śhreyān swa-dharmo viguṇaḥ para-dharmāt sv-anuṣhṭhitāt

swa-dharme nidhanaṁ śhreyaḥ para-dharmo bhayāvahaḥ

It is better to perform one's own duty, though imperfectly, than to perform another's duty perfectly. Performing one's own duties, though with flaws, is preferable; for following another's path is fraught with danger.

Meaning

This verse emphasizes the importance of adhering to one's own dharma, or duty, which is determined by one's nature, abilities, and role in society. Even if one performs their own duty imperfectly, it is considered more virtuous and safer than performing someone else's duty perfectly. The idea is that following one's own path aligns with one's true nature and contributes to personal and spiritual growth, whereas following another's path can lead to confusion, lack of fulfillment, and potential peril.

Matam.

 This verse is from the Bhagavad Gita, specifically Chapter 3, Verse 31. Here is a breakdown of the verse and its meaning:

ye me matam idam nityam anutisthanti manavah

sraddhavanto nasuyanto mucyante te 'pi karmabhih

Ye me matam idam nityam anutisthanti manavah

śraddhāvanto 'nasūyanto mucyante te 'pi karmabhih

Those who, having faith and without envy, constantly follow this teaching of mine, are freed from the bondage of actions.

-ye me matam idam: those who follow this opinion/teaching of mine

- nityam anutisthanti manavah: consistently and diligently follow

- śraddhāvanto: with faith

- anasūyanto: without envy or malice

- mucyante te 'pi karmabhih: they too are freed from the bondage of actions

In this verse, Lord Krishna explains that those who faithfully and without envy follow his teachings and the prescribed duties are liberated from the bondage of actions. This means they are not affected by the consequences of their actions and attain spiritual freedom. The emphasis is on having faith and a sincere attitude without any jealousy or resentment.

Gudakesha.

Chapter 10, Verse 20 of the Bhagavad Gita:

अहमात्मा गुडाकेश सर्वभूताशयस्थितः |

अहमादिश्च मध्यं च भूतानामन्त एव च ||

aham ātmā guḍākeśa sarva-bhūtāśaya-sthitaḥ

aham ādiś ca madhyaṁ ca bhūtānām anta eva ca

"I am the Self, O Gudakesha (Arjuna), seated in the hearts of all creatures. I am the beginning, the middle, and the end of all beings."

1. Aham ātmā: I am the Self or the Soul.

2. Guḍākeśa: A name for Arjuna, meaning one who has conquered sleep.

3. Sarva-bhūtāśaya-sthitaḥ: Situated in the hearts of all creatures.

4. Aham ādiś ca madhyaṁ ca I am the beginning and the middle.

5. Bhūtānām anta eva ca: And indeed the end of all beings.

In this verse, Lord Krishna asserts His presence as the inner Self of all living beings, emphasizing His role as the eternal and omnipresent reality that pervades the entire cosmos. By declaring Himself as the beginning, middle, and end of all entities, He signifies that all aspects of existence are encompassed within His divine essence. This verse underscores the idea of God's immanence and transcendence in the universe.

"Gudakesa" is one of the many names of Arjuna, a key character in the Indian epic, the Mahabharata. This name translates to "one with thick or beautiful hair" or "conqueror of sleep." Arjuna earned this name due to his ability to stay awake and vigilant for extended periods. This quality signifies his dedication, discipline, and focus, attributes that are crucial for a warrior.

Ajnana.

 Bhagavad Gita, Chapter 10, Verse 11:

तेषामेवानुकम्पार्थमहमज्ञानजं तमः |

नाशयाम्यात्मभावस्थो ज्ञानदीपेन भास्वता ||

teṣām evānukampārtham aham ajñāna-jaṁ tamaḥ

nāśayāmy ātma-bhāva-stho jñāna-dīpena bhāsvatā

"Out of compassion for them, I, dwelling in their hearts, destroy the darkness born of ignorance with the shining lamp of knowledge."

1. Teṣām evānukampārtham: For them (my devotees), out of compassion.

2. Aham ajñāna-jaṁ tamaḥ nāśayāmi: I destroy the darkness born of ignorance.

3. Ātma-bhāva-stho: Dwelling in their hearts.

4. Jñāna-dīpena bhāsvatā: With the shining lamp of knowledge.

In this verse, Lord Krishna explains that out of compassion for his devotees, he resides in their hearts and dispels the darkness of ignorance with the bright light of knowledge. This symbolizes the divine intervention that leads to spiritual enlightenment and the removal of ignorance, allowing the devotee to perceive the ultimate truth.

Purusha.

"Purusham sasvatam divyam adi-devam ajam vibhum" from the Bhagavad Gita:

Eternal Divine Purusha: Understanding the Line "Purusham Sasvatam Divyam Adi-devam Ajam Vibhum"

The Bhagavad Gita, a profound spiritual text, contains numerous verses that encapsulate the essence of Hindu philosophy and spirituality. Among these, the line "Purusham sasvatam divyam adi-devam ajam vibhum" stands out for its rich meaning and the depth of its implications. This verse can be found in Chapter 11, Verse 18, where Arjuna is witnessing the universal form of Lord Krishna.

Sanskrit:

त्वमक्षरं परमं वेदितव्यं त्वमस्य विश्वस्य परं निधानम् |

त्वमव्ययः शाश्वतधर्मगोप्ता सनातनस्त्वं पुरुषो मतो मे ||

Transliteration:

tvaṁ akṣaraṁ paramaṁ veditavyaṁ tvaṁ asya viśvasya paraṁ nidhānam

tvaṁ avyayaḥ śāśvata-dharma-goptā sanātanas tvaṁ puruṣo mato me

Translation:

"You are the Supreme, Imperishable, the Ultimate Truth to be known. You are the support of all the worlds. You are the eternal guardian of the everlasting dharma. You are the Ancient, Eternal Purusha."

Breaking down the key terms in the line "Purusham sasvatam divyam adi-devam ajam vibhum" provides a deeper understanding of its significance:

1. Purusham (पुरुषम्) The term 'Purusha' denotes the Cosmic Being or the Supreme Person. In the context of the Gita, it represents Lord Krishna as the Supreme Consciousness that pervades the entire universe. The Purusha is the eternal observer and the ultimate reality behind the manifested world.

2. Sasvatam (शाश्वतम्)This word means eternal or everlasting. It underscores the timeless nature of the Purusha, indicating that the Supreme Being is beyond the constraints of time and is forever unchanging.

3. Divyam (दिव्यम्)The term 'Divya' means divine or transcendent. It signifies the sublime, spiritual nature of the Purusha, who is beyond the material realm and its limitations.

4. Adi-devam (आदि-देवम्)Adi-deva' means the original or primeval deity. This emphasizes that the Purusha is the source of all gods and the first cause of everything that exists. The Purusha is the primordial being from whom all creation springs.

5. Ajam (अजम्)Aja' means unborn. It highlights the Purusha's nature as uncreated and self-existent. Unlike beings who are born and die, the Purusha is beyond birth and death, existing eternally.

6. Vibhum (विभुम्) This term means all-pervading or omnipresent. It denotes the infinite presence of the Purusha, who exists everywhere and in everything, permeating the entire cosmos.

The Philosophical Significance

This line encapsulates the core of Vedantic philosophy, which views the Supreme Being as both immanent and transcendent. The Purusha is not only the underlying reality of the physical universe but also transcends it, existing beyond the dualities of creation and destruction, birth and death.

In the Bhagavad Gita, Lord Krishna reveals his universal form (Vishvarupa) to Arjuna, demonstrating that he is the ultimate source and sustainer of everything. Arjuna's recognition of Krishna as "Purusham sasvatam divyam adi-devam ajam vibhum" signifies his understanding of Krishna's true nature as the Supreme Divine Personality who governs the universe with eternal and unchanging principles.

The Relevance to Devotees

For devotees, this verse serves as a reminder of the divine nature of the Supreme Being. It inspires reverence and devotion, encouraging them to seek a deeper connection with the eternal and all-pervading Purusha. Recognizing the Supreme as both the immanent reality within all and the transcendent force beyond, devotees are called to live in accordance with the eternal dharma and to see the divine presence in all aspects of life.

Conclusion

The line "Purusham sasvatam divyam adi-devam ajam vibhum" from the Bhagavad Gita is a profound declaration of the nature of the Supreme Being. It encapsulates the essence of the Purusha as eternal, divine, the original source of all, unborn, and all-pervading. This understanding forms the foundation of spiritual knowledge and devotion, guiding seekers towards a deeper realization of the ultimate truth and the eternal presence of the Divine in the universe.