Any answer about an alphabet always attracts attention.
Big boys burst blue balloons.
Cute child cuts cake cleverly.
Did dad disagree during discussions?
Everyone earns easily enough.
For forgiving, first forget.
God gives gladly, go get.
If interested in interest, invest in instalments.
Let lorries load larger logs last.
Mad, my mind makes merry.
No, new nylons not necessary now.
Out of order or otherwise, our old oven overheats.
Please place plain papers parallely.
Queasy quill quivered quietly.
Road roller rode rather roughly.
See some side-lined students standing separately.
The trains took turns to transport traumatized travellers.
We weave woollen wraps well.
Yeah, yesterday you yelled "Yay!"
Any botanist can describe ecological factors governing horticultural innovations, just knowing limited magnesium, nitrogen, or phosphate quantitative requirements; some thoroughly understand very wild xerophytic yellow zinnias.
If you love word play, you probably know that a word — or longer piece of writing — that reads the same forward and backward is called a palindrome. But what do you call a word that spells another word backwards, or a word that looks the same upside down? When terms for these orthographic puzzlers didn't exist, logolologists (such as the authors of the books listed below) were happy to invent some. Here are a few:
1. Isogram
A word in which no letter of the alphabet occurs more than once. Dimitri Borgmann's longest example: dermatoglyphics, the study of skin markings or patterns on fingers, hands, and feet, and its application, especially in criminology.
2. Pangram
A phrase or sentence containing all 26 letters of the alphabet (ideally repeating as few letters as possible). You may remember this one from typing class: "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy sleeping dog," but Willard Espy came up with a shorter and more interesting one: "Bawds jog, flick quartz, vex nymphs." An abundance of pangrams, using some very obscure words or initials can be found here.
3. Palindrome
A word, sentence, or longer written work that reads the same backwards. Example: A declaration facetiously attributed to Napoleon, "Able was I ere I saw Elba." Weird Al Yankovic's song "Bob" spoofs Bob Dylan's "Subterranean Homesick Blues" using a slew of palindromes. Need more palindromes? Find a huge stash here.
4. Semordnilap
A word or name that spells a different word backwards (notice what semordnilap spells backwards). Semordnilaps (coined by Martin Gardner in 1961) are also known as backronyms, volvograms, heteropalindromes, semi-palindromes, half-palindromes, reversgrams, mynoretehs, recurrent palindromes, reversible anagrams, word reversals, or anadromes. (Do you get the feeling that fans of word play love to make up words?) Here's a semordnilap dieters can relate to: Stressed is desserts backwards.
5. Kangaroo word or marsupial
This refers to a word carrying another word within it (without transposing any letters). Example: encourage contains courage, cog, cur, urge, core, cure, nag, rag, age, nor, rage and enrage. Ouch! That mama roo is going to need a pouchlift after carrying around that brood!
6. Lipogram
A written work composed of words chosen to avoid the use of one or more letters. You may hail F. Scott Fitzgerald's Gatsby as great, but in 1939 Ernest Vincent Wright produced the phenomenal Gadsby: A Story of Over 50,000 Words Without Using the letter "E," a scarcely believable achievement considering that "E" is the most common letter in English. Imagine an entire novel without he, she, the, or the past tense marker —ed.
7. Rebus
A representation of words with pictures, letter names, or symbols that suggest the sound of the words. Rebus has been used in English since 1605, when William Camden wrote, "They which lackt wit to expresse their conceit in speech, did vse to depaint it out... in pictures, which they called Rebus." Popular in autograph books and on vanity license plates, rebuses include such classics
